The Koshi is also called Sapta Koshi for its seven Himalayan tributaries in eastern Nepal: Indrawati, Sun Koshi, Tama Koshi, Dudh Koshi, Liku, Arun, and Tamor. According to National Census 2078 (Census Reference Day 2078 on November 9), the population of Nepal is 2,91,64,578, of which the number of males is 1,42,53,551 (48.98 percent) and the number of females is 1,49,11. On May 19, 2006, the government faced a constitutional crisis, the House of Representatives which had been just reformed, having been previously dissolved, declared Nepal a "secular state". Rains diminish in September and generally end by mid-October, ushering in generally cool, clear, and dry weather, as well as the most relaxed and jovial period in Nepal. Health and According to the Verbal Autopsy conducted in collaboration with the Ministry of Population, 622 (95 percent) of the deaths related to pregnancy were related to maternal deaths. The hill region constitutes the largest portion of Nepal, with significant cultivated lands and natural vegetation. According to the Census Report 2021, the population of Nepal has reached 29,192,480, which is an increase of 2,697,976 compared to a population of 26,494,504 ten years ago. Surface area is a country's total area, including areas under inland bodies of water and some coastal waterways. 0.3 percent of people who had their first marriage under the age of ten. Instead, deep gorges create obstacles to establishing transport and communication networks and de-fragmenting the economy. Water for irrigation is especially compelling because the Indian Terai is suspected to have entered a food bubble where dry season crops are dependent on water from tube wells that in the aggregate are unsustainably "mining" groundwater. The Karnali drains western Nepal, with the Bheri and Seti as major tributaries. Out of which 52.7 percent are sons and 47.3 percent are daughters. The patch forest constituted 748km2 at national level, out of which 494km2 of patch forests are present in hill regions. The total land area of the country is 147,181 square kilometres and its population, according to the 1991 Census, is 18.5 million. With India already experiencing a NaxaliteMaoist insurgency[18] in Bihar, Jharkhand and Andhra Pradesh, Nepalese reluctance to agree to water projects could even seem an existential threat to India.[19]. [32] There has been increasing interest in the opportunities offered in the UK by the Nepalese, especially education. Year 2078. Significant failure of monsoon rains historically meant drought and famine while above-normal rains still cause flooding and landslides with losses in human lives, farmland and buildings. The summer monsoon may be preceded by a buildup of thunderstorm activity that provides water for rice seedbeds. Brahmin and Chhetri women have experienced less social and economic mobility compared to Newari women. [22] Fourth, there are complicated questions of cross-border equity in how India and Nepal would share costs and benefits that have proven difficult to resolve in the context of frequent acrimony between the two countries.[19]. Out of a total of 98 lakh 69 thousand 583 children under the age of eighteen, 77.9 percent of the children live with both parents. The total area of the district is 1,002km2 and . Similarly, 19.5 percent of those who passed higher than SLC. The increasingly urbanized Kathmandu and Pokhara valleys fall within the Hill region. Census work in Nepal started in 1968 BS (1911 AD), and since then, census-taking has been conducted almost every ten years. It is the centre of the universe according to traditional cosmography. It is mainly situated in the Himalayas, but also includes parts of the Indo-Gangetic Plain. The district with the highest annual average population growth rate is Bhaktapur (3.35 percent) and the lowest annual average population growth rate is Ramechhap district (-1.67 percent). PopulationPyramid.net Population Pyramids of the World from 1950 to 2100. . Nepal's rulers used this for a defensive frontier called the char kose jhadi (four kos forest, one kos equaling about three kilometers or two miles). The tropical zone below 1,000 meters (3,300ft) experiences frost less than once per decade. Nepal measures about 880 kilometers (547mi) along its Himalayan axis by 150 to 250 kilometers (93 to 155mi) across. In the mid-1950s DDT came into use to suppress mosquitos and the way was open to settlement from the land-poor hills, to the detriment of the Tharu. The 20002005 true deforestation rate in Nepal, defined as the loss of primary forest, is 0.4% or 70km2 (27sqmi) per year. The West Rapti in the second category is called "Gorakhpur's Sorrow" for its history of urban flooding. According to the National Census 2068, 64.0 percent often used firewood for cooking. 2021 is the Nepalese year 2078. Seasons are divided into a wet season from June to September and a dry season from October to June. percent) are often economically inactive. Sixty caste and linguistic subgroups have formed throughout time with the waves of migration from Tibet and India. The notion of religion in Nepal is more fluid than other countries, particularly Western countries. The subalpine, alpine, and nival zones have progressively fewer human settlements and agricultural activities. According to the results of the 2078 National Census, 2.2 percent of the total population has some form of disability. In the mountains building hotels, monasteries and trekking trails cause deforestation while timber-smuggling into the Tibet Autonomous Region and over-grazing cause degradation. It was 20.87 and 5.93 percent respectively in the 2068 census. The main watershed between the Brahmaputra (called Yarlung Tsangpo in Tibet) and the Ganges system (including all of Nepal) actually lies north of the highest ranges. , ? Out of a total of 66,60,841 families owning a house that is being used as a residence, 86.0 percent of the families are living in their own house while 12.8 percent of the families are living in a rented residential unit. Nepal surface area for 2018 was 147,180.00, a 0% increase from 2017. Between 2000 and 2005, Nepal lost about 2,640km2 (1,019sqmi) of forest. Population density is very low. [5] Only 4.4% of the population is estimated to be more than 65 years old, comprising 681,252 females and 597,628 males. According to the National Census 2078, most of the households often use electricity to light the lights in their houses/residential units. Nepalese of middle age or older generations in Hong Kong are predominantly found in security, while those of younger generations are predominantly found in the business industry. With the above population in mind, this translates to a total population density of approximately 201 people per square kilometer, or 77 people per square miles. In the last census of 2068, this value was 85.3 percent and 12.8 percent respectively. The summer monsoon can cause flooding and landslides, while the winter monsoon is marked by occasional rainfall and snowfall. Agriculture area is significant extending over 43,910km2 (29.83%). The temperate climate zone, from 2,000 to 3,000 meters, occupies 12% of Nepal's land area and is suitable for cold-tolerant crops. The seven provinces were formed by grouping the existing districts. The first census held in Nepal is 1968 B.S (1911 A.D.) The method of census used in Nepal is modified De- jure method. The natural human shortcomings in maintaining this moral order is believed to be represented by the Hindu god Shiva. Sustained rain on average arrives in mid-June as rising temperatures over Inner Asia creates a low-pressure zone that draws in moist air from the Indian Ocean, but this can vary up to a month. Population growth rate of Nepal 2078 is 0.93%. Below the Bhabhar, finer, less permeable sediments force groundwater to the surface in a zone of springs and marshes. In the year 2078, there were 4.37 members per family, which was 4.88 in the year 2068. 38.2 percent of the main reason for coming to the place counted from the previous place of residence is marriage. Other indigenous Janajati ethnic groups - natively speaking highly localized Tibeto-Burman languages and dialects - populate hillsides up to about 2,500 metres (8,000ft). They traditionally traded across the mountains, e.g., Tibetan salt for rice from lowlands in Nepal and India. [2] [3] In the 2011 census, Nepal's population was approximately 26 million people with a population growth rate of 1.35% and a median age of 21.6 years. "The areas including Gunji, Navi and Kuti near Kalapani, which had been left out in earlier maps . Crops include cold-tolerant rice, maize, wheat, barley, potato, apple, walnut, peach, various cole, amaranthus and buckwheat. Forests in Nepal face deforestation due to over-harvesting of firewood, illegal logging, clearing for agriculture, and infrastructure expansion. Learn about Nepal location on the world map, official symbol, flag, geography, climate, postal/area/zip codes, time zones, etc. In the June 2001 census, there was a population of about 23 million in Nepal. Among the dead, a total of 1,32,608 people died in the municipal area and 65,855 people died in the rural municipality area. In 2068, 18.3, 7.4 and 6.1 percent of the families that often use kerosene, solar and other fuels to light their lights were respectively. [28], Learn how and when to remove this template message, moving herds to lower elevations in winter, western Himalayan subalpine conifer forests, western Himalayan alpine shrub and meadows, "Government unveils new political map including Kalapani, Lipulekh and Limpiyadhura inside Nepal borders", https://kathmandupost.com/climate-environment/2020/10/21/one-more-report-ranks-nepal-among-most-polluted-countries-in-the-world, https://www.who.int/initiatives/urban-health-initiative/pilot-projects/kathmandu, https://www.eastasiaforum.org/2023/04/21/averting-an-air-pollution-disaster-in-south-asia/, https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/trash-and-overcrowding-top-world/, https://www.unicef.org/nepal/blog/very-air-we-breathe, "Nepali scientists record country's first tornado: The team confirmed the rare event using satellite images, social-media posts and a visit to the affected area", "Interpretation of Erosional Topography in Humid Temperate Regions", "Effect of the barrage and embankments on flooding and channel avulsion, case study Koshi River, Nepal", "Floods of Mithila Region: Raising Questions on Survival", "Water Issues between Nepal, India & Bangladesh, a Review of Literature", "Revision of the West Seti Dam Design in Nepal", "Glacial Lakes and Glacial Lake Outburst Floods in Nepal", "Sediment Transport Studies in Punatsangchu River, Bhutan", "The changing land cover and fragmenting forest on the Roof of the World: A case study in Nepal's Kailash Sacred Landscape", "Nepal's forests 'being stripped by Indian timber demand', "Nepal-India Open Border: Prospects, Problems and Challenges", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Geography_of_Nepal&oldid=1164230920, Party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-, Signed, but not ratified: Marine Life Conservation, Existing and proposed dams, barrages and canals for flood control, irrigation and hydroelectric generation, This page was last edited on 8 July 2023, at 11:57. Along with this major change came a dramatic increase in government services, business expansion, and growing employment, especially in the agricultural industry. It rises from as low as 59 metres (194ft) elevation in the tropical Teraithe northern rim of the Gangetic Plain, through beyond the perpetual snow line to 90 peaks over 7,000 metres (22,966ft) including Earth's highest (8,848-metre (29,029ft) Mount Everest or Sagarmatha). Paharis mainly populate river and stream bottoms that enable rice cultivation and are warm enough for winter/spring crops of wheat and potato. The Arun rises in Tibet some 150 kilometers (100mi) beyond Nepal's northern border. After the establishment of the Central Statistics Department in 2015 BS, all censuses have been conducted by this department. Since 2011, Nepal's population has grown by 10.18%. Nepal is predominantly rural with only 9 percent of the population living . [24] Children who spoke Nepali natively and who were exposed to Sanskrit had much better chances[citation needed] of passing the national examinations at the end of high school, which meant they had better employment prospects and could continue into higher education. As would be expected, the high mountain area is largely covered by snow and glaciers and barren land. 29% land is arable and 14% of the Province land is utilized . Similarly, the number of registered births is 81.9 percent in the Himalayas, 73.1 percent in the hills and 73.7 percent in the Terai, while the highest number of births is in Karnali Province at 87.3 and the lowest in Bagmati Province at 67 percent. According to the results of the National Census, 2078, 653 (five percent) deaths among the total reproductive age group (12,976 women aged 15-49 years) in the reference period (12 months prior to the date of enumeration) were related to pregnancy. | , Aam Nepali Bishes with Bijay Khadka || Dhundiraj Lamichhane, , , , Office of the Prime Minister and Council of Ministers, Structure of Practical exam for Census data entry operator, , Notice Regarding the Recruitment of Manpower for National Census 2078. The Mountain Region begins where high ridges (Nepali: ; lekh) begin substantially rising above 3,000 metres (10,000ft) into the subalpine and alpine zone which are mainly used for seasonal pasturage. Food deficits drive emigration out of the Pahad in search of employment. FAO estimates that around 9.6% of Nepal's forest cover consists of primary forest which is relatively intact. Beyond that distance, dialects and languages lose mutual intelligibility. The total surface area of Nepal is at 147,181 square kilometers which converts to approximately 56,826.90 square miles. Structure of the population (22.06.2011) (Census): Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group (01.VII.2016) (Based on the results of the 2011 Population Census. Based on what the majority of the house was used for, the main use is classified into 12 (twelve) different types. By geographical view, it covers 15% of the total area of Nepal. Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) Children (0-14) living with HIV; Children with fever receiving antimalarial drugs (% of children under age 5 with fever) Winter crops include grains and vegetables typically grown in temperate climates. 17.1 percent of children live with their mother, 1 percent of children live with their father, and 3 percent of children live with other relatives. This group includes Magar and Kham Magar west of Pokhara, Gurung south of the Annapurnas, Tamang around the periphery of Kathmandu Valley and Rai, Koinch Sunuwar and Limbu further east. It is situated to the south of the Himal Region (the snowy mountain region). [8] The population increased by 5 million from the preceding 1991 census; the growth rate is 2.3%. Provincially, the highest is 75.0 percent in Lumbini Province and the lowest is 68.0 in Sudurpaschim Province. Looking at the geographical area, in 2078 there were 4.33 members per family in the Himalayan region, 3.99 in the hills and 4.73 in the Terai region. Nepalhas consistently been ranked asone of the most polluted countries in the world. 3.2 percent of the total live births were deaths. [22] The Nepali people build their social networks through their religious celebrations, which are a central part to the whole of communities within the country. Nepal's constitution continues long-standing legal provisions prohibiting discrimination against other religions (but also proselytization). Children who natively spoke local languages of the Madhesh and Hills, or Tibetan dialects prevailing in the high mountains were at a considerable disadvantage. See also [ edit] List of Nepalese provinces by GDP List of Nepalese provinces by HDI Administrative divisions of Nepal References [ edit] ^ " ". Census results: only 2.2 percent of master's degree, how many passed only SLC? With adding the disputed land that is currently occupied by India, the total area of Nepal has increased from 147,181 square kilometres to 147,516 square kilometres, according to officials. Large groups of Nepali people can be found in Shek Kong and Yuen Long District off of the main bases of the British army. At least one shrine can be found on the vast majority of streets in Kathmandu. [22] The destruction of Shiva is neutralised by the preserver Vishnu, who tips the scales to restore order. [12], Since uplift and erosion are more or less in equilibrium in the Himalaya, at least where the climate is humid,[13] rapid uplift must be balanced out by annual increments of millions tonnes of sediments washing down from the mountains; then on the plains settling out of suspension on vast alluvial fans over which rivers meander and change course at least every few decades, causing some experts to question whether manmade embankments can contain the problem of flooding. After this, there are 23.0 percent of general or primary occupation workers, 5.8 percent of service and goods sales workers, 5.6 percent of crafts and Kaligarh and related trade workers, and 5.1 percent of managers. About 12.1% Nepal's forest is classified as protected while about 21.4% is conserved according to FAO. people) population, which was 50.27 percent (1,33,18,705 people) in Terai, 43.01 percent (1,13,94,007 people) in hills and 6.01 percent in Himalayan region in 2068. Alpine, often semi-arid valleysincluding Humla, Jumla, Dolpo, Mustang, Manang and Khumbucut between Himalayan sub ranges or lie north of them. Other fruit such as litchee, jackfruit, citrus and mangoes of lower quality grow in the upper tropical zone as well. km, stretching 885 km from east to west and 193 km north to south. Terai is a low land region containing some hill ranges. The Outer Terai ends at the base of the first range of foothills called the Siwaliks or Churia. The literacy rate of the country's total population aged 5 years or more is 76.3 percent. Likewise, in terms of gender, 29.1 percent of males and 33.3 percent of females last migrated for a period of 10-24 years. West Bengal's narrow Siliguri Corridor separate Nepal and Bangladesh. The Terai region, covering 17% of Nepal's area, is a lowland region with some hill ranges and is culturally more similar to parts of India. According to the results of the 2078 census, a total of 23.8 percent of families have houses or land or both in the name of women. 45% of provincial land is covered by forest including Banke and Bardia National Parks and some parts of Dhorpatan hunting reserve. Before the use of DDT this was dangerously malarial. The Hindu god Vishnu is believed to symbolise moral order in the Newar society. In the National Census 2068, out of a total of 54 lakh 23 thousand 297 families, 47.8 percent of the families mainly used water from taps/pipes (including inside and outside the premises) and 35.1 percent from tube wells/hand pumps. According to National Census 2078, a total of 4 lakh 12 thousand 935 children were born . This was the twelfth census of Nepal and the first one after the federal system was established, according to the constitution of Nepal, which was released in 2072 BS (2015 AD). This difference is due to a lack of delivery assistance services in rural communities compared to their urban counterparts who have better access to hospitals and neonatal clinics.[6]. The density of this rural municipality is 892.1/km 2 (2,311/sq mi). Among the mentioned small household businesses, 55.0 percent are mainly operated by men and 45.0 percent are operated by women. According to National Census 2078, a total of 4 lakh 12 thousand 935 children were born during the 12 months before the date of enumeration, of which 2 lakh 18 thousand 74 or 52.8 percent were sons and 194 thousand 861 or 47.2 percent were daughters. Since Nepal's unification, various indigenous languages have come under threat of extinction as the government of Nepal has marginalized their use through strict policies[citation needed] designed to promote Nepali as the official language. The results showed that the maternal mortality rate was 151 (per lakh live births). Download / View Nepal Census 2078 Result.PDF. Based upon the 2011 census, the major languages spoken in Nepal[17] (percentage spoken out of the mother tongue language) includes. . Since democracy was restored in 1990, however, the government has worked to improve the marginalization of these languages. Virtually throughout the nation, over-harvest of firewood remains problematic. Medicinal plants are also gathered. Although Newars are low in numbers, their urban living habitat gives them a competitive advantage. In the Middle Hills road construction, reservoirs, transmission lines and extractive manufacturing such as cement factories cause deforestation. In the last census, the number of households using electricity was 67.3 percent, but now that share has increased significantly and reached 92.2 percent. Other reasons for coming to the current place of residence are work/employment 15.2 percent, trade/business 2.8 percent, study/training 7.8 percent, dependent 19.5 percent, natural disaster 0.7 percent, agriculture 3.9 percent, 4.1 percent returned home and 6.6 percent others. Many ex-Gurkhas remained in Hong Kong after the end of their service under the sponsorship of their Hong Kong-born children, who held right of abode. [9] In the 1980s the Western Chitwan Valley became a major transportation hub for all of Nepal. The Mahakali or Kali along the Nepal-India border on the west joins the Karnali in India, where the river is known as Goghra or Ghaghara. National Statistical Office Address : Thapathali, Kathmandu, Nepal Phone : +977-14229406, +977-14265323 Fax : +977-14227720 According to the results of the National Census 2078, the population of other genders (sexual and sexual minorities) was found to be 2,928 out of the total population, which is 0.01 percent of the total population. Without glacial sources, annual flow regimes in these rivers are more variable although limited flow persists through the dry season. "The map will come into use immediately," said Aryal. The percentage of families that often use LP gas, electricity, Guitha-Gorha, biogas, kerosene and other fuels for cooking is 44.3, 0.5, 2.9, 1.2, 0.05 and 0.1 respectively. About 5.1% Nepal's forests are classified as production forest. The population of Nepal has been steadily rising in recent decades. Among the children who died, 57.6 percent were sons and 42.4 percent were daughters. the number of men per 100 women is 95.59. In the previous census of 2068, total literacy rate was 65.9 percent, male literacy rate was 75.1 percent and female literacy rate was 57.4 percent. The edge forests constituted around 30% of forest area of High Mountain and Hill regions. The Outer Terai is virtually all in the lower tropical zone. The diverse elevation results in various biomes, including tropical savannas, subtropical and temperate forests, montane grasslands, and shrublands. The Update is intended for a wide audience including policy makers, business leaders, the community of analysts and professionals . [9], Source: UN DESA, World Population Prospects, 2022[10], Source: UN World Population Prospects[14], Total fertility rate (TFR) (wanted fertility rate) and crude birth rate (CBR):[15], The following demographic statistics are from the 2011 Nepal Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS).
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